Ispitivanje fitoremedijacionog i adaptivnog potencijala Miscanthus x giganteus (Poaceae) gajenog na odlagalištu flotacione jalovine na planini Rudnik
Assessment of phytoremediation and adaptive potential of Miscanthus x giganteus (Poaceae) grow on the flotation tailings on the mountain Rudnik
Author
Andrejić, GordanaMentor
Rakić, TamaraCommittee members
Dželetović, ŽeljkoŠinžar-Sekulić, Jasmina
Robajac, Dragana
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Show full item recordAbstract
Rudarske aktivnosti produkuju velike količine jalovine kontaminirane teškim metalima, koja predstavlja
izvor zagađenja okolnih ekosistema. Odlagalište flotacione jalovine rudnika Pb, Zn i Cu „Rudnik“
odlikuje potpuno odsustvo vegetacijskog pokrivača. Na odlagalištu je postavljen dvogodišnji ogled kako
bi se procenio fitoremedijacioni potencijal Miscanthus × giganteus, efekti dodavanja mineralnog NPK
đubriva ili zemljišta na fiziološke i parametre rasta. M. × giganteus je pokazao izuzetnu sposobnost da
raste u ekstremno nepovoljnim uslovima koji vladaju na odlagalištu, kao i da formira samoodrživi biljni
pokrivač bez posebnih meliorativnih mera. Biljke su zadržale najveći deo metala unutar korena i
donekle sprečile njihov dalji transport, a time i njihov negativni uticaj na različite procese u listovima.
Povećane koncentracije metala u listu su dovele do različitih negativnih promena na fiziološke
parametre, što je izazvalo redukovanu fotosintetsku aktivnost i smanjen rast biljaka. Rezu...ltati ove
disertacije pokazuju da je ova biljka ekskluder za sve ispitivane elemenate, izuzev Pb što ukazuje na
moguću primenu u fitostabilizaciji. M. × giganteus je tolerantan na veoma visoke koncentracije metala u
jalovini, ali dostiže relativno mali prinos biomase. Fertilizacijom sa NPK i/ili dodavanjem zemljišta
proizvodi veće i stabilnije prinose. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da je M. × giganteus podesan za
fitoremedijaciju odlagališta flotacione jalovine, kao i da gajenje na zemljišnim površinama opterećenim
visokim koncentracijama metala u blizini aktivnih i napuštenih rudnika predstavlja značajnu i
ekonomski izvodljivu opciju za postepeno uklanjanje metala i smanjenje njihove biodostupnosti, uz
istovremenu proizvodnju biomase kao sirovine za različite namene.
Mining activities produce enormous amounts of heavy metal contaminated fine-particulate flotation
tailings which represent pollution source of surrounding ecosystems. The flotation tailings of the Pb,
Zn and Cu mine "Rudnik" is characterized by the complete vegetation cover absence. A two-year
experiment was set up on the mine tailings to assess the phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus ×
giganteus, and the effects of adding mineral NPK fertilizer or soil on physiological and growth
parameters. M. × giganteus has shown an exceptional ability to grow in extremely unfavorable conditions
that prevail on the mine tailing, as well as to form a self-sustainable plant cover without special
reclamation measures. The plants kept most of the metals in the roots and to some extent prevented
their further transport, and thus their negative impact on various processes in the leaves. Increased
metals concentrations in the leaves led to various negative changes in physiological parameters, which
c...aused reduced photosynthetic activity and plant growth. The results of this dissertation show that this
plant is an excluder for all examined elements, except Pb, which indicates a possible application in
phytostabilization. M. × giganteus has shown very high tolerance on high metals concentrations in
tailings, but forms a relatively low biomass yield. Fertilization with NPK and/or addition of soil
produces higher and more stable yields. The obtained results indicate that M. × giganteus is suitable for
phytoremediation of mine flotation tailings, and also that cultivation on land surfaces loaded with high
heavy metal concentrations of near active and abandoned mines represents a significant and
economically feasible option for gradual removal of metals and reduction of their bioavailability, while
at the same time produces biomass as a raw material for various purposes.
Faculty:
Универзитет у Београду, Биолошки факултетDate:
12-01-2020Projects:
- Plant Biodiversity of Serbia and the Balkans - assesment, sustainable use and protection (RS-MESTD-Basic Research (BR or ON)-173030)