Efekti vertikalnog i horizontalnog modela pliometrijskog treninga na razvoj eksplozivne snage

Abstract

The purpose of this experimental study was to determine the effects of vertical and horizontal models of plyometric training explosive strength development in cadet volleyball cadets. Forty -four participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: vertical plyometric (Е1; n=20; BH=185.5 ± 7.02 cm; BM=71.1 ± 7.44 kg), horizontal plyometric (Е2; n=24; BH=183.8 ± 7.79 cm; BM=68.7 ± 8.69 kg). The training programs lasted 6 weeks and it consisted of two training sessions per week. All subjects were tested for each of the following jumps: squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ) and continous jumps (CJ). After a 6-week plyometric training some of the tested parameters of SJ increased in the vertical plyometrics group (Hmax 13.7%; Fmax 3.4%; Vmax 6.2%; IMPcon 4.1%; Pmax_con 10.2%), as well as in the horizontal plyometrics group (Hmax12.2%; Fmax 5.1%; Fmax/TT 6.0%; Vmax 5.9%; IMPcon 3.7%; Pmax_con 9.5%). Some of the tested parameters of CMJ increased in the vertical plyometrics group (Hmax 9.8%; Vmax 1.5%; IMPcon 7.2%; IMPuk 2.0%; Pmax_con 2,8%), as well as in the horizontal plyometric group (Hmax 10.1%; Vmax 3.4%; IMPcon 8.5%; IMPuk 5.0%; Pmax_con 3.9%), while lower values compared to the initial measurement were recorded in Fmax/TМ (5.2%) in the vertical plyometric group. In DJ some of the tested parameters increased in the vertical plyometric group (Hmax 15.7%; Tcon 14.9%; Vmax 9.9%; IMPcon 14.4%; Pmax_con 10.4%), as well as in the horizontal plyometrics group (Hmax 23.4%; Vmax 10.6%; Pmax_con 11.9%), while lower values compared to the initial measurement were recorded in parameter Pmax_exc (13.3%) in horizontal plyometric group. The CJ parameters showed in the vertical plyometrics group increased (Hmax 8.2%; IMPuk 6.8%; Pmax_uk 4.8%), as well as in the horizontal plyometrics group (Hmax 14.5%; Texc 6.0%; IMPexc 12.2%; IMPuk 7.5%; Pmax_exc 13.8; Pmax_uk 6.2%). The results of this thesis showed that there were no significant differences in the effects of different models of plyometric program in tested parameters, except for CMJ, in favor of horizontal plyometric group. The results suggest that both training programs were effective in the development of various parameters of jumping ability. In practice exercises from these plyometric training program should be combined due to a greater effect on certain parameters of jumps.