Pokazatelji ruralnog razvoja Republike Srbije

Abstract

Svedoci smo činjenice da je problem siromaštva i dalje jedna od glavnih aktivnosti svih država a jedna od glavnih aktivnosti Ujedinjenih nacija. Siromaštvo pogaña sve a ponajviše zemlje u razvoju. Podjednako zahvata i urbana područja kao i ruralna. U Srbiji su razna istraživanja pokazala da je stepen siromaštva mnogo izražajniji u ruralnim područjima u poreñenju sa urbanim, a meñu najugroženijima u Srbiji su mnogočlane porodice iz ruralnih područja, nezaposleni i osobe sa invaliditetom. Ruralni razvoj Srbije, zasnovan na agrarno ekonomskim osnovama održivog razvoja, postaje imperativ ukupnog privrednog razvoja. Formulacija teze odgovara aktuelnim problemima u oblasti ruralnog razvoja Republike Srbije. U skladu sa definisanom temom, cilj ovog rada je bio da se pokaže dostignut nivo razvoja agrarnog sektora Srbije. U radu su prikazani postojeći problemi agrarnog sektora i date dalje smernice kao i mogućnosti za integralni dugoročni razvoj poljoprivrede i ruralnih područja, koje doprinose razvoju lokalne ekonomije i društva. Istraživanje je fokusirano na relevantne pokazatelje razvijenosti ruralnih područja (ekonomski, ekološki, sociodemografski, razvojni i dr. ), koji su značajni za budući razvoj. Ističe se važnost nadležnih institucija ka usklañivanju agrarne politike Srbije sa EU i organizacija na lokalnom nivou u rešavanju bitnih problema i kreiranju povoljnih uslova za agrarni sektor i razvoj ruralnih područja u periodu do 2030. godine. Ruralna područja predstavljaju veliki deo teritorije Srbije, pa stoga je razvoj ovih područja važan segment celokupne nacionalne strategije razvoja. Osim usklañivanja sa nacionalnom strategijom razvoja u ovoj oblasti, potrebna je i aktivnost svih ostalih lokalnih aktera u društvu, koji imaju interes za ruralni razvoj, i mogućnost davanja novih inicijativa kao i ulaganja u osavremenjavanje poljoprivrede i sela uopšte.

We are witnesses of the situation where resolving the problem of poverty is the one of main issue on the agenda of many countries as well as The United Nations. Poverty hits almost all, but mostly the developing countries. It affects both urban and rural areas. Different reasrches conducted in Serbia recently reveal more present and higher level of poverty in rural areas compered to urban one. Many members families from rural areas, unemployed and disabled persons are among the most endangered population in Serbia. The rural development of Serbia, based on agrarian economic grounds of sustainable development, becomes imperative of overall economic development. The formulation of thesis coresponds to actual problems present on the field of rural development in Republic of Serbia. In accordance with the defined theme, the aim of this paper is to show the achived level of development in agrarian sector in Serbia.The existing problems of agrarian sector are represented and further guidelines are given as possibilities for intergrated long term development of the agriculture and rural areas which contributes to the development of the local economy and comunity in general. The research is focused on the relevant indicators of the development of rural areas (economic, ecological, developmental, sociodemographic etc.) which are significant for future development. The importance of relevant institutions during the proces of harmonization between EU’s and Serbian agricultural policy is strongly emphasised as well as the role of the local organizations in resolving main problems and creation of favorable conditions for the agrarian sector and development support for rural areas in the period until 2030. The rural areas cover great part of Serbian territory so, the development of these regions is important segment of the entire national development strategy. Beside the adjustments with national strategy of development in this field, the activity of all relevant, local actors which have interest for rural development is required and the possibility of giving new initiatives as well as investments in modernization of agruculture and villages in general.