Stabilnost prinosa i komponenti rodnosti inbred linija kukuruza različitog tipa citoplazme

Abstract

Cilj istraţivanja bio je da se odredi stabilnost prinosa i komponenata prinosa dvanaest inbred linija kukuruza razliĉitog tipa citoplazme (cms-C, cms-S i fertilna). Pošlo se od pretpostavke da su prouĉavane inbred linije kukuruza razliĉite genetiĉke osnove i da razliĉito reaguju na faktore spoljašnje sredine što utiĉe na razliĉitu stabilnost prinosa i komponenti prinosa zrna. Ogled sa inbred linijama postavljen je na dve lokacije tokom 2008 i 2009 godine. Ĉetvorofaktorijalna analiza varijanse (genotip-citoplazma-godina-lokacija) uraĊena je za ispitivane osobine: visina biljke do klipa, visina biljke do vrha metlice, prinos, duţina klipa, broj redova zrna, broj zrna u redu, dubina zrna, masa 1000 semena, srednje okrugla frakcija, srednje krupno pljosnata frakcija i srednje krupno okrugla frakcija semena. Korelacione veze izmeĊu prouĉavanih osobina inbred linija analizirane su primenom jednaĉine višestruke korelacije i regresije. Izvršena je procena stabilnosti prinosa (Hühn, 1990) i uraĊena je klaster analiza za svaki izvor citoplazme (Rohlf, 2000). Na osnovu analize varijanse utvrĊeno je da postoje veoma znaĉajne razlike izmeĊu inbred linija za sve ispitivane osobine kao i interakcije inbred linija sa ispitivanim faktorima (tip citoplazme, godina i lokacija). Najveći prinos zrna ostvarila je inbred linija L1 (3,3 t ha-1), a najmanji L10 (1,5 t ha-1). Tip citoplazme veoma znaĉajno utiĉe na prouĉavane osobine inbred linija. Variranje prinosa zrna inbred linija u zavisnosti od tipa citoplazme (cms-C, cms-S i fertilna) bilo je veoma znaĉajno kod inbred linija L2, L5, L7, L10 i L12. Proseĉan prinos zrna inbred linija je veoma znaĉajno (P≤1%) varirao u zavisnosti od ispitivanih godina i lokacija. Veći prinos (2,9 t ha-1) ostvaren 2008. godine u odnosu na 2009. godinu (2,12 t ha-1). Na prvoj lokaciji ostvaren je veći prinos (2,72 t ha-1) u odnosu na drugu lokaciju (2,31 t ha-1)...

The objective of the study was to determine stability of yield and yield components in twelve maize inbred lines with different types of cytoplasm (cms-C, cms-S and fertile). The starting point was the assumption that these maize inbred lines have different genetic basis and react differently to environmental factors, affecting stability of yield and grain yield components. A trial with maize inbred lines was set up at two localities during 2008 and 2009. A 4-factorial analysis of variance (genotype-cytoplasm-year-locality) was carried out for the following properties: ear height, plant height, yield, ear length, number of grain rows, number of grains per row, grain depth, 1000-grain mass, middle round grain fraction, middle large flat fraction and middle large round fraction. Correlation bounds between the studied properties of the inbred lines were analysed by applying the multiple correlation and regression equation. A stability assessment was done (Hühn, 1990), as well as a cluster analysis for each cytoplasmic source (Rohlf, 2000). The analysis of variance determined there were very significant differences among inbred lines for all the properties and inbred lines interactions with the studied factors (cytoplasmic type, year and locality). The inbred line L1 achieved the highest (3.3 t ha-1), and the inbred line L10 (1.5 t ha-1) the lowest grain yield. A cytoplasmic type significantly affects the studied properties of the inbred lines. Depending of the cytoplasmic type (cms-C, cms-S and fertile), fluctuation in grain yield of inbred lines was very significant in the inbred lines L2, L5, L7, L10 and L12. The average grain yield fluctuated very significantly (P≤1%) depending of the year and the localities. In 2008, the yield (2.9 t ha-1) was higher than in 2009 (2.12 t ha-1). The first locality had higher yield (2.72 t ha-1) than the second one (2.31 t ha-1)...