Distribucija teških metala u zemljištima riparijalne zone reke Save
Distribution of heavy metals in soils of the Sava River riparian zone
Докторанд
Marković, MilicaМентор
Belanović-Simić, SnežanaЧланови комисије
Pavlović, PavleRistić, Ratko
Knežević, Milan
Zuliani, Tea
Метаподаци
Приказ свих података о дисертацијиСажетак
Imajući u vidu da su riparijalne zone reke Save često izložene antropogenim pritiscima i
kontaminaciji različitim polutantima, istraživanja u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji bila su usmerena na
proučavanje sedimenta/nanosa i zemljišta od izvora do ušća, u periodu visokog (2014. god.) i
niskog (2015. god.) vodostaja, njihovih fizičkih i hemijskih karakteristika; stepena zagađenja teškim
metalima i metaloidima (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, Zn) sa
fokusom na prioritetne polutante (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb i Zn); određivanje njihovih „background“
vrednosti; ispitivanje njihovog porekla, sadržaja, distribucije, mobilnosti, biodostupnosti i
međuzavisnosti u sistemu zemljište–sediment/nanos; i definisanja stepena ekološkog rizika po
životnu sredinu na istraživanom prostoru.
Ukupan sadržaj većine analiziranih elemenata u zemljištu i sedimentu/nanosu se povećavao od
izvora ka ušću kao rezultat transporta i deponovanja na donjem delu toka i promena u oksido-
redu...kcionim uslovima koji su povećavali njihovu rastvorljivost. Visok vodostaj (poplava) je bio
dominantan faktor koji je zajedno sa teksturom zemljišta, pH i sadržajem humusa uticao na
biodostupnost, raspodelu i način vezivanja teških metala i metaloida u frakcionom profilu. Na
poreklo teških metala u zemljištu i sedimentu u gornjem delu toka najveći uticaj je imala geološka
podloga i jednim delom antropogene aktivnosti, dok su na poreklo teških metala u donjem delu toka
imale presudan uticaj antropogene aktivnosti. Na osnovu sadržaja teških metala i metaloida u
zemljištu i sedimentu, kao i na osnovu analize ukupnog ekološkog rizika (RI), i analize potencijalno
opasnih zona („hot spots“), zaključeno je da su lokaliteti donjeg dela toka reke Save najugroženiji i
pod najvećim antropogenim pritiskom.
The riparian zones of the River Sava are continuously exposed to anthropogenic pressures and
contamination by various pollutants. Therefore, research in this doctoral thesis focussed on studying
sediment and soil from the river’s source to its confluence with the Danube during a period of high
water levels (2014) and low water levels (2015). It aimed to determine the physical and chemical
characteristics of the sediment and soil; to establish heavy metal and metalloid contamination levels
(Ag, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, Zn) with a focus on priority
pollutants (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn); to determine the elements’ background levels; to
investigate their origin, content, distribution, mobility, bioavailability and interdependence in the
soil-sediment system; and to define the ecological risk in the study area.
The total content of most of the analysed elements in both soil and sediment increased from the
source towards the confluence due to trans...port and deposition in the lower course of the river and to
changes in redox conditions, which increased their solubility. Flooding was a dominant factor,
which, together with soil texture, pH and humus content, affected the bioavailability, distribution
and binding forms of heavy metals and metalloids in the fraction profile. The origin of heavy metals
in soil and sediment in the upper course was most impacted by the geological substrate and, to some
degree, by anthropogenic activity, while anthropogenic activities were the predominant influence on
origin in the lower course. On the basis of the heavy metal and metalloid content in soil and
sediment, and also the analysis of the total ecological risk (RI) and of potential ‘hot spots’, it was
concluded that localities in the lower course of the River Sava are most at risk and under the
greatest anthropogenic pressure.