Arhitektura višeporodičnog stanovanja Niša u periodu moderne od 1945-1980

Abstract

In the post-war period, a large number of multi-family housing facilities were built in Nis under the influence of the modern world movement. The fifth and sixth decades of the 20th century represent a period of intensive construction after the Second World War, which can be considered a continuation of the Modernist Movement in Nis from the interwar period, with post-war construction gaining even greater proportions. The housing construction fund is certainly the largest segment of the overall construction project from that period. The topic of this paper is the functional and form characteristics of multi - family (formerly collective) residential buildings created in the post - war period of Moderna in Niš. For the post-war period of intensive and mass construction of residential buildings, a time classification of constructed buildings was performed, which are classified into two categories. The first category includes buildings built in the 1950s, in the period of "Mature" Modernism, which is a continuation of Nis's modern architecture erected between the two wars. The second category consists of residential buildings created in the late sixties and seventies, in the period of "Late" (industrial) Modern Nis. In addition to the classification related to the construction period, a territorial classification was performed according to which two groups of representative objects selected for research within this dissertation were defined. The spatial scope of research in this dissertation can be divided into two zones with two groups of objects. The first consists of multi-family housing built in the central city center, while the second group of buildings are multi-family housing formed on the city periphery, where today there are spacious boulevards. Selected representative examples of residential and residential-commercial buildings will be analyzed in the form of case studies. Unlike other cultural and historical epochs where the subject of interest of the professional and scientific public was much bigger when it comes to analysis and processing of older periods, for the period of Nis late Modern there is a very small number of professional and primarily scientific literature that deals more seriously with this issue. The aspiration of the candidate is to complete this very little researched area through this research. The aim of the research is to perform an adequate evaluation of the typological characteristics of representative examples of objects on the basis of defined criteria of analysis within the formed criterion model.