Sinteza, karakterizacija i primena biosorbenata na bazi različitih ligno-celuloznih materijala hemijski modifikovanih pomoću AI[sub]2O[sub]3

Abstract

This dissertation is a part of the research performed within the Grant No. TR 34008. The experimental part of this thesis was done in the Laboratory for applied and industrial chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš. Some analyses were done at the Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, UK and the Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Niš. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is the synthesis of new biosorbents by chemical modification of various lignocellulosic materials with Al2O3. Three lignocellulosic biomasses of different origin were used: waste oak wood chips and two types of agro--industrial waste (gourd shell and plum stone). In addition, to increase sorption capacity and the ability for removal of different types of pollutants, chemical modification overcome the differences in the origin and composition of lignocellulose biomasses and the final materials have the same sorption characteristics. The chemical modification of lignocellulosic materials with Al2O3 leads to the creation of new specific active centers on the surface of the biosorbent, where different types of pollutants can be bound (cationic, anionic and nonpolar). By analyzing the principal parameters of the sorption process, the optimal conditions for removal of pollutants from water in the single--component solution, and also simultaneously in the multi--component system, were determined.