Analiza učestalosti poremećaja ishrane u studentskoj populaciji

Abstract

broju. Cilj Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitivanje prevalencije poremećaja ishrane u studentskoj populaciji, dok su specifični ciljevi uključili određivanje prevalencije po dijagnostičkim kategorijama; određivanje obrasca ishrane i percepcije telesne šeme; prisustva kompenzatornih oblika ponašanja i depresivne simptomatologije. Metod rada Studija obuhvata analizu uzorka od 1.059 slučajno odabranih studenata različitih viših škola i fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu, Srbija, koji su prilikom redovnih godišnjih sistematskih pregleda u Zavodu za zdravstvenu zaštitu, popunili bateriju anonimnih upitnika: socio-demografski upitnik, upitnik anamnestičkih podataka, dijagnostičku skalu poremećaja ishrane i Bekov upitnik za procenu stepena depresivnosti. Rezultati Prevalencija poremećaja ishrane bila je 29,0%. Prevalencija anoreksije nervoze u ukupnom uzorku studenata je bila 1,9%, a samo među ženskim polom 3,2%. Prevalencija bulimije nervoze je bila 13,5%, a poremećaja ishrane po tipu prejedanja 14,4%. Studenti sa detektovanim poremećajem ishrane tipa anoreksije i bulimije nervoze su ispoljili više depresivnih simptoma u poređenju sa studentima, kod kojih ovi poremećaji nisu detektovani. Prevalencija depresije u ukupnom uzorku studenata bila je viša od prevalencije poremećaja ishrane (31% vs. 29%). Zaključak Primena rezultata ovog istraživanja trebalo bi da nađe svoje mesto u integrisanim multidisciplinarnim preventivnim programima, u svakodnevnoj rutinskoj praksi primarne zdravstvene zaštite, savetovalištima za adolescente i mlade, savetovalištima za ishranu, kao i na specijalizovanim odeljenjima bolesti poremećaja ishrane.

a greater number each day. Aim The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of eating disorders in the student population and the prevalence according to diagnostic categories; to determine eating habits, body perception, compensatory behaviors and depressive symptoms. Method The study includes analysis of a sample of 1.059 randomly selected students from various colleges and faculties of Belgrade University, Serbia, who in the regular annual health examination at the Institute for Health Care Belgrade, have fulfilled the anonymous questionnaires: Social-demographic questionnaire, Anamnesis questionnaire, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory. Results The prevalence of eating disorders was 29.0%. The prevalence of anorexia nervosa in the total sample was 1.9%, and only among female students 3.2%. The prevalence of bulimia nervosa was 13.5%, and binge eating disorder 14.4%. Students with detected anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are exhibiting more depressive symptoms when compared with students in which these disorders are not detected. The prevalence of depression in the total sample was higher than the prevalence of eating disorders (31% vs. 29%). Conclusion Application of the results of this research should find its place in integrated, multidisciplinary prevention programs, in the everyday routine practice of primary health care, in counseling for adolescents and young people, counseling for nutrition, as well as at the specialized departments of eating disorders.